Recent headlines have many Americans in a minor panic about the Ebola virus. When you look at the numbers, though, it makes much more sense to be concerned about the common flu, known as influenza. Each year, approximately 36,000 people die from the flu, and thousands more become sick enough to be hospitalized from the virus.
Although it's frequently referred to as a "stomach bug," influenza is actually a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus, of which there are multiple strains. Influenza A and B are most common in humans. The flu is contagious and is contracted by being in close proximity to those who are sick, especially if they are sneezing and coughing; or by touching a surface contaminated with the virus and then touching your nose or mouth. Symptoms of the flu can include fever, sore throat, body aches and chills, vomiting, fatigue, headache, and diarrhea.
Preventative Care and Treatment
The best way to fight influenza is by getting a flu shot. Each year researchers attempt to match the vaccine to the strains they predict will be most common. The flu vaccine does not protect against all strains of influenza, however, so be sure to wash your hands frequently during flu season and keep your distance from those who are infected. There is now also a nasal spray vaccine option, which contains weakened live viruses and may be more effective in protecting young children from the flu. The Centers for Disease Control recommends the nasal spray vaccine for all healthy children ages 2-8.
If you come down with the flu, start by staying home. It's better for you, and for everyone else too. Get plenty of rest and drink clear fluids. Although they won't address the virus, over-the-counter medications may relieve some of your symptoms. If your flu is severe, you may want to see your doctor about an anti-viral medication. If you have to be around people, cover your nose and mouth, wash your hands often, and avoid touching your mouth or face.
Who is at Risk?
Infants, children and people ages 65 and up are at higher risk of complications or death due to the flu. Pregnant women and those with chronic medical conditions, such as asthma, heart disease, or diabetes are also considered high risk. It is strongly recommended that people in these groups get a flu vaccine and take extra precautions if they contract the virus.
When to Worry
If your fever is extreme or doesn't subside; if you are having difficulty breathing; if you have severe vomiting; or if you have a chronic condition that makes you high-risk, it's important to seek medical attention.
Flu Facts:
- The flu can be passed from up to six feet away.
- Antibiotics will not help you get over the flu.
- Flu season generally begins in the fall and can last until spring.
- The flu can be transmitted by people carrying the virus who have no symptoms.
- More children are hospitalized from the flu than any other vaccine-preventable disease.
- You cannot get sick from the flu vaccine.